APPLICATION OF FOLIAR

 

FERTILIZER ON MELON FRUIT

Melon is originally from tropical regions of Africa and mainly grown in areas such as Tainan, Chiayi, and Yunlin in Taiwan. Melons prefer warm, dry, and large temperature differences environment. In rainy or high humidity conditions disease risk is increased and will have lower sweetness in melons, while an environment with large temperature differences between day and night can help melons accumulate sugar. Melon has a wide adaptability to soil but are intolerant to waterlogging, therefore it needs good drainage soil for cultivation. However, due to the large leaf surface, it requires a lot of water, when irrigation should be done according to their growth conditions so as not to make it dry and wet too much to avoid large cracking texture.

 

In recent years, in order to combat extreme weather and promote organic farming, the use of greenhouse vertical cultivation has gradually increased. Although it has increased the effects of insulation and pest/rain protection, it has also reduced the natural washing. Traditionally farmer use heavy fertilizers, while the natural washing reduce will lead to the accumulation of unused salts. Therefore, avoiding salt damage and focus on fertilizer management in greenhouses have become important issues. Using foliar fertilizer as a supplement can have a high absorption efficiency, rapid effect, and can also avoid the accumulation of excess salt that cannot be absorbed.

1. Before planting - Soil testing and basal fertilizer:

Before planting, the soil fertility should be tested, and the amount of basal fertilizer should be adjusted accordingly. It is recommended to apply 10 tons of compost per hectare. The recommended fertilization rates (kg/ha) for the three elements are nitrogen (N) 110-150, phosphorus (P) 210-250, and potassium (K) 160-200.

The amount of basal fertilizer is determined basal on the EC (1:5) value of the soil, as well as the concentration of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K):

EC > 0.4: No need to apply basal fertilizer.

0.4 > EC > 0.3: Apply 1/4 less than the normal amount of basal fertilizer.

0.3 > EC > 0.2: Apply 1/2 less than the normal amount of basal fertilizer.

0.2 > EC > 0.1: Apply the normal amount of basal fertilizer.

EC < 0.1: Apply the recommended amount of basal fertilizer.

Available phosphorus: 15-100 mg/kg, exchangeable potassium: 30-100 mg/kg

 

2. Vine Growth and pre-flowering period: After 3-4 true leaves have grown, at this time the primary root can help absorbing nutrients and water from the soil.

Root Forte 110 (Special for Rooting and Germination), can promote root system development without yellowing of leaves and strengthen new sprouts.

When the main vine reaches 30cm long.

Go Sprout 131 (Special for lateral budding), can promote lateral budding.

When the flower buds grow:

Full Energy 100 (Special for full growth period) can promote rapid growth of flowers and young fruits and prevent flower and fruit drop.

 

3. Young fruit stage: 5-7 days after pollination, when the young fruits grow at about the size of an egg, may need to thin them by removing some of the smaller fruits.

[KW Agriculture] Full Energy 100 can provide the nutritional needs during the fruit enlargement stage and prevent fruit cracking.

 

4. Post enlargement stage: when the surface of the fruit become netting, the fruit enlargement slows down.

Go Sweet 390 (Special for Increase the Sweetness of Melons and Fruits) and Ca Strong 801(Special for Summer and Water Retention) can be used for additional fertilization to provide nutrients for fruit growth, high levels of calcium and potassium can improve the tolerance to the environment and water retention, and quickly enhance sweetness and fruit quality.

 

5. Ripening stage: At this time the fruit size is no longer growing but continues to accumulate sugar.

During the safe harvest period, "SP01" can be used for disease control (Common diseases include downy mildew and powdery mildew). "SP01" is a natural plant protection material without pesticide residue problems and safety concerns.

 

Reference:

1. 農食教育整合平台: https://fae.coa.gov.tw/food_item.php?type=AS04&id=74

2. 設施洋香瓜健康管理技術,臺南區農業改良場技術專刊 105-5 (NO.166)。

3. 王毓華、黃晉興、余志儒,洋香瓜栽培管理,https://ir.lib.nchu.edu.tw/bitstream/11455/84354/1/3.pdf。

4. 羅秋雄(桃園場 副研究員), 作物施肥手冊, 行政院農業委員會農糧署。

5. 洋香瓜合理化施肥,黃瑞彰、林晉卿、江汶錦、卓家榮、林經偉,台南區農業改良場。

6. 農業知識入口網-洋香瓜栽培過程: https://kmweb.coa.gov.tw/subject/subject.php?id=19594